Transpose
Transpose
The transpose of a matrix is formed by flipping it over its diagonal — turning row \(i\) into column \(i\).
If \(A\) is an \(m \times n\) matrix, then its transpose \(A^\top\) (or sometimes \(A^T\)) is an \(n \times m\) matrix.
\[ A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ 4 & 5 & 6 \end{bmatrix} \]
\[ A^\top = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 4 \\ 2 & 5 \\ 3 & 6 \end{bmatrix} \]
Transposes help define symmetry. A matrix \(A\) is symmetric if \(A = A^\top\).